阿里云服务器操作实战部署C语言开发环境(vim配置,gcc)部署J2EE网站(jdk,tomcat)

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发布时间：2013-12-13 14:31:34

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在公司呆久了, 感觉全身都生锈了, 突然心血来潮, 准备自己用java写一个网站.

选来选去, 最终感觉阿里云的服务器性价比蛮高的, 买了一个最便宜的配置用来学习用.

在家里配置了一下, 到了公司又不会配置了, 怕忘了写篇博客记录下来, 一通配置下来, 发现自己有运维工程师的潜质.

一. 配置服务器

1. 阿里云服务器相关的信息

阿里云会发一个短信到手机上, 上面有服务器的公网ip, root用户的用户名和密码.

先买一个月试用一下.

服务器还没有启用, 统计数据基本没啥用.

20G的磁盘

2. 使用SecureCRT终端连接

(1) 连接服务器

此时进入了终端, 界面比较戳 :

(2) 配置界面

选项 -> 会话选项进行如下配置 :

配置完之后的界面 :

界面看起来帅气多了.

3. 使用xftp上传文件

打开xftp之后就会弹出下面的对话框, 选择 New 按钮;

在这个界面配置连接服务器的参数, 注意要选择SFTP协议, 因为阿里云服务器默认选择没有安装FTP, 只能使用SFTP协议连接;

点击确定之后, 就会创建这个连接;

选择想要的连接, 点击connect按钮, 就可以连接到服务器上了.

root目录 :

根目录 :

上传一个文件示例 :

二. 配置C语言开发环境

1. 安装gcc

(1) 配置yum源

yum安装gcc很容易, 使用 yum -y install gcc 命令, 就可以安装gcc编译器, 但是除了一点问题:

yum命令 : 说明安装了yum

yum -y install gcc 命令安装gcc编译器 : 安装失败, 是因为没有安装yum源.

阿里云的服务器上安装了yum, 但是没有配置yum源, 这让人很郁闷, 尤其像我这种运维小白, 查资料吧, 终与搞定了;

yum源在 etc/yum.conf 文件中进行配置 :

阿里云服务器中的 yum.conf :

[main]cachedir=/var/cache/yumkeepcache=0debuglevel=2logfile=/var/log/yum.logdistroverpkg=redhat-releasetolerant=1exactarch=1obsoletes=1gpgcheck=1plugins=1exclude=*.i?86 kernel kernel-xen kernel-debug# Note: yum-RHN-plugin doesn't honor this.metadata_expire=1h# Default.# installonly_limit = 3# PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo# in /etc/yum.repos.d

显然里面没有配置yum源, 需要在后面加上下面的内容 :

[base]name=CentOS-5 - Basebaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5[update]name=CentOS-5 - Updatesbaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5[addons]name=CentOS-5 - Addonsbaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5[extras]name=CentOS-5 - Extrasbaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5[centosplus]name=CentOS-5 - Plusbaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5#contrib - packages by Centos Users[contrib]name=CentOS-5 - Contribbaseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=1gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5[dag]name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/

将yum源追加到 etc/yum.conf 配置文件中即可.

(2) GPG keys 错误

由于yum安装了不同版本的 GPG keys, 会出现下面的错误 :

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

此时解决方法 : 执行 rpm --import http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 命令即可解决该问题;

(3) 安装gcc编译器

执行 yum -y install gcc 命令, 即可成功安装gcc编译器.

[root@AY13120614215362640bZ ~]# yum -y install gccaddons                                                                                                                                | 1.9 kB     00:00     base                                                                                                                                  | 1.1 kB     00:00     contrib                                                                                                                               | 1.9 kB     00:00     dag                                                                                                                                   | 1.9 kB     00:00     extras                                                                                                                                | 2.1 kB     00:00     update                                                                                                                                | 1.9 kB     00:00     Excluding Packages in global exclude listFinishedSetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved============================================================================================================================================================= Package                           Arch                                 Version                                     Repository                          Size=============================================================================================================================================================Installing: gcc                               x86_64                               4.1.2-54.el5                                base                               5.3 MTransaction Summary=============================================================================================================================================================Install      1 Package(s)         Update       0 Package(s)         Remove       0 Package(s)         Total download size: 5.3 MDownloading Packages:gcc-4.1.2-54.el5.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                           | 5.3 MB     00:00     Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestFinished Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction  Installing     : gcc                                                                                                                                   1/1 Installed:  gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5                                                                                                                                  Complete!

验证gcc安装成功 : 输入 gcc --help 命令

[root@AY13120614215362640bZ ~]# gcc --helpUsage: gcc [options] file...Options:  -pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase  --help                   Display this information  --target-help            Display target specific command line options  (Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes)  -dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings  -dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler  -dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor  -print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path  -print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library  -print-file-name=<lib>   Display the full path to library <lib>  -print-prog-name=<prog>  Display the full path to compiler component <prog>  -print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc  -print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and                           multiple library search directories  -print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries  -Wa,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the assembler  -Wp,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the preprocessor  -Wl,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the linker  -Xassembler <arg>        Pass <arg> on to the assembler  -Xpreprocessor <arg>     Pass <arg> on to the preprocessor  -Xlinker <arg>           Pass <arg> on to the linker  -combine                 Pass multiple source files to compiler at once  -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files  -pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files  -time                    Time the execution of each subprocess  -specs=<file>            Override built-in specs with the contents of <file>  -std=<standard>          Assume that the input sources are for <standard>  --sysroot=<directory>    Use <directory> as the root directory for headers                           for headers and libraries  -B <directory>           Add <directory> to the compiler's search paths  -b <machine>             Run gcc for target <machine>, if installed  -V <version>             Run gcc version number <version>, if installed  -v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler  -###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed  -E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link  -S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link  -c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link  -o <file>                Place the output into <file>  -x <language>            Specify the language of the following input files                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none                           'none' means revert to the default behavior of                           guessing the language based on the file's extensionOptions starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc.  In order to pass other options on to these processes the -W<letter> options must be used.For bug reporting instructions, please see:URL:http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla.